![]() ![]() With this novel Leuven-EFT (L-EFT), which offers a more sensitive and controlled measure of perceptual bias, we have re-embedded Witkin’s paradigm in modern vision science and designed an EFT that is better able to differentiate between genuine perceptual, as opposed to executive, contributions to EFT performance. In a second experiment (N=150) test-retest reliability and sensitivity to individual differences were evaluated. In addition to this classic EFT version, versions were designed with 3D depth cues and meaningful versus meaningless embedding contexts, which are especially interesting with regard to (clinical) subgroups known to present atypical EFT performance (e.g., autism spectrum disorder, artists, etc.). ![]() Task performance in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. ![]() Based on the outcome of this experiment, a large set of EFT stimuli was assembled, in which perceptual embedding was carefully manipulated. Keywords: autism Embedded Figures Task siblings functional MRI endophenotype. Although most perceptual factors were relevant, line continuity and complexity of the embedding context proved most important. In a first experiment (N=250) we evaluated the impact of several perceptual factors, such as line continuity, complexity, closure, 3D depth cues and different part-whole relationships, on the degree of perceptual embedding. Therefore, we have set out to re-investigate the perceptual factors that predict effective embedding and develop a new EFT which systematically manipulates those perceptual factors. In its pure form the EFT is a valuable measures of perceptual bias, as more “local” processors are less distracted by the global pattern or complex figure. As a result of these modifications, the perceptual demands of the EFT have been subsumed by aspects of intelligence, executive function and personality. Since then, several different EFT versions have been developed. Based on Gestalt psychological work on perceptual organization (Gottschaldt, 1926, 1929), Witkin (1950) developed the Embedded Figures Test (EFT) where he asked participants to find a target stimulus (e.g., a triangle) within a complex figure which was designed to camouflage the target. ![]()
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